Papal legates visited the great hall of Offa of Mercia in 786 and decreed that an English king "must not be begotten in adultery or incest" and that "he who was not born of a legitimate marriage" could not succeed to the throne. When a kingship became vacant, a Witan would meet to name an aetheling as king. In the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy then Kingdom, descendants of kings were called aethelings, whether legitimate or not. See also: Anglo Saxon paganism and Augustine of Canterbury House of Mechelen, legitimised son of John I, Duke of Brabant.Įngland, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom English kings.House of Dongelberghe, legitimised son of John I, Duke of Brabant.House of Nassau-Corroy, legitimised son of Henry III of Nassau-Breda.House of Glymes, legitimised son of John II, Duke of Brabant.House of Brant, legitimised son of John III, Duke of Brabant. House of Witthem, legitimised son of John II, Duke of Brabant.Older illegitimate children founded important family branches, as reported in the Trophées de Brabant: tome 1 ( ): Ms Delphine Boël intends to change her surname to her father's Saxe-Coburg. In October 2020, the bastard daughter of Albert II of Belgium was legally acknowledged after DNA testing to be titled Princess Delphine of Belgium by the Belgian Court of Appeal. Ĭaesarion was possibly the illegitimate son of Julius Caesar by Cleopatra, which would also make him Caesar's only known child besides Julia.Ī book published in February 2011 claimed that Albert II of Belgium has an illegitimate half-sister named Ingeborg Verdun, the daughter of King Leopold III and Austrian-Belgian ice skater Liselotte Landbeck. There are no recorded examples of aristocrats in classical times accusing other aristocrats of being illegitimate, as was common in later periods. For example, Emperor Claudius initially accepted a girl as his daughter, but later rejected her and had her exposed. If a child was not recognized, he or she could be exposed or brought up as a slave. If a man recognized a child as his, this was accepted by law, and the issue of who the biological father was did not arise. Unlike medieval royalty, the Romans were more concerned with continuity of family name than with bloodline. Some fictional portrayals of royal bastards were less negative, such as the character of Philip the Bastard (also known as of Cognac) in Shakespeare's King John. Notable fictional instances include the legendary character Mordred, who was often portrayed as King Arthur's villainous "illegitimate" son. In medieval England a bastard's coat of arms was marked with a bend/baton sinister. The Anglo-Norman surname Fitzroy means son of a king and was used by various illegitimate royal offspring, and by others who claimed to be such. Notable royal bastards include Robert, Earl of Gloucester, son of King Henry I of England, Henry FitzRoy, son of King Henry VIII of England, and the Duke of Monmouth, son of Charles II. A royal bastard was a common term (now largely dropped from common usage) for the child of a reigning monarch who was considered to have been born outside of marriage, either because the monarch had an extra-marital affair, or because the legitimacy of the monarch's marriage had been called into question.
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